The Economic and Organized Crime Office (EOCO) was set up by Act 804 of 2010 in line with Article 190 (1((d) of the 1992 constitution as one of the Public Services of Ghana to supplement and augment government's effort in the fight against corruption in the State. The Office was established as a specialized agency of government to monitor investigate and on the authority of the Attorney-General, prosecute any offence involving serious financial and economic loss to the state and to make provision for connected and incidental purposes.

The mandate of the Office is clearly set out by the EOCO Act. The relevant provisions, at Section 3(1) (a), (b), (c), (d) and (2) S. 12, and S. 13 indicate clearly that the mandate to investigate any suspected fraud is inherent in the Office and can be activated by the Executive Director without reference to any other authority or agency of State.